Tuesday, November 9, 2010

My final years...



In the final years of my life, I spent much of my time writing books called Behemoth: the history of the causes of the civil wars of England, an autobiography, and translations of the Odyssey and the Illiad. In this book, I analyzed the problems and troubles that caused the English Civil War. However, because of the uncertainty and rejection the book would possibly cause, Charles II advised me to not publish it. Even after it was published, the book was not widely read or reviewed by the rest of the audience. However, several ideas in the book are crucial to my belief system. In the book, I split the book into four parts. The first part emphasized the causes of the war and how the rejection of the idea of absolute monarchy by Parliament combined with the rebellious Scots lead to the English Civil War. In the second section, I focused on preparation for the war and the last few factors before the war. I also looked at Parliament’s Nineteen Propositions which the king had rejected because it would limit the king even further. In the third section, I analyzed the events during the war and Charles I’s beheading. Finally, in the last section of the book, I review why Oliver Cromwell and Parliament had failed and the rebirth of the Stuart line.
As I have been forced to stop writing about human conduct, I found it an efficient use of my time to translate Homer’s Odyssey and Illiad. I also translated Homer’s works because of my interest in Greek and Latin writings. Thus my waning years of my life were used to review history and ancient writings.

What a Scare...

House of Commons
The year was sixteen sixty six when Parliament had decided to pass a law that banished atheism and profaneness. When I found out that they had denounced and condemned the Leviathan, I was terrified. I ended up burning several of my works to prevent being a heretic. However, I began to study the principle of heresy, and I found that the Leviathan did not break any of these principles. In an added appendix of the Leviathan, I show how the book did not oppose any religious ideas. However, these principles I have shown in my writings forced me to abandon any areas related to human behavior and conduct, forcing me to look elsewhere in my writings. Despite my obvious reasoning as I disproved the fact that my book was heretical, I still feared for my life as I decided to stop posting anything even close to offensive to prevent the possibility of being accused a heretic. Therefore, in the last few years, I wrote about rather eccentric and varying subjects. I also feared to publish numerous of my works,  and I plan to keep these works a secret until my death. Thankfully, during the English Civil War, I had tutored young Charles, Prince of Wales. As I tutored him, we developed a strong sense of friendship. This friendship and bond between us would prove critical after he had stepped onto the throne as Charles II of England. As king of England, Charles II protected me when the House of Commons developed the bill that attacked atheism. 

Absolute Monarchy at its Best

Court of Versailles under Louis XIV
I have recently heard that our young and noble King Louis XIV has developed into a powerful and strong monarch. Along with this has come French glory and economic prosperity. So far, Louis XIV has become a perfect role model for future monarchs as he has created a new, well developed army, dominated other political positions, and increasing revenues. In fact, recently I have even heard rumors that the mighty Sun King has chosen to build a massive palace at Versailles to pacify the vast majority of his nobility and to keep them occupied with recreation and trivial games. Without the aristocracy constantly interfering, there is no doubt that Louis XIV will flourish at controlling and regulating French economic and social conditions. These aspects of his government will no doubt lead to a successful and thriving reign as he continues to dominate not just French, but also European society. In fact, I have heard that many other European rulers have now begun to model their palace and court after Versailles. Even the envious Habsburg monarchy now looks at the Bourbon line as serious competition. By practicing absolute monarchy, Louis XIV has developed France into the leading country in the entire Western civilization. Furthermore, France has become the powerhouse both politically and economically. As you can see, between England’s lack of central monarchy and France’s absolute monarchy, France is clearly doing far better than England. In fact, I have been told that England’s government was so chaotic that they decided to restore the monarchial position!

Monday, November 8, 2010

How in the World...


Execution of Charles I
Today, on January 30th 1649, Charles I of England was executed at the Palace of Whitehall for treason. I am astonished to see a group of lesser nobles known as Parliament attempt and succeed at beheading the power and head of England. However, this only further supports my ideas I plan to write about in the Leviathan. In fact, this outrageous civil war is one of the reasons why I strongly advocated an absolute monarchy. Oliver Cromwell and the rest of Parliament should be destroyed and tried for their unjust and ridiculous reasoning against the central monarchy.

Even as I write these words, I know that many philosophers will disagree with me. However, they will do so without recognizing the possible consequences that may develop from a lack of central government. Without a central government, the country I was born in will suffer as turmoil and chaos begins to close in on the country. Are people so dim as to believe that England will prosper without a leader to control and regulate the population? History is on my side, considering the fact that a vast majority of countries have not become prosperous until they were unified by one ruler. For example, Poland never became a major factor in European politics because of the Sejm, which shares major similarities with England’s Parliament. In addition, the newly formed Dutch Republic, which became an independent country last year, is currently occupied with internal chaos because of conflicts between the stadholder and the States General. A government cannot possibly run with multiple political powers, and a group like Parliament in England will only follow what Poland and the Dutch have gone through. England would do best to dismiss Parliament and restore a monarchial leader.

Sunday, November 7, 2010

My Life and My Accomplishments


                My name is Thomas Hobbes, and I am an English philosopher of the seventeenth century.  I was born on April 5th, 1588 and died on December 4th, 1679. I am well known for writing the Leviathon. As a philosopher, I vehemently support absolute monarchy.
                My early childhood was a blur to me. I do not know who my mother is, and my father abandoned me to my uncle when I was only a child. After my uncle got into a heated argument with a clergyman,I lived in a religious school. Eventually, I was accepted into a private school, where I studied eagerly. My studious attitude paid off as I was accepted into Magdalen Hall, which was run by a Puritan, John Wilkinson. After completing my bachelor’s degree in 1608, I began to tutor the son of the Baron of Hardwick. Through a vacation with the Cavendish family , I began to look at philosophical ideas, which eventually lead to the my book Leviathan.
                During my life, England was in constant civil war, which led me to flee to France. I strongly supported the Royalists because I strongly advocated absolute monarchy, which I showed in the Leviathan. However, I became famous not because of my opposition against constitutional monarchy, but rather because I started the foundation of the social contract in my writings. In Leviathan, I reviewed an ancient world, where no human laws had been formed.  I showed that human society would be “poor, nasty, brutish, and short" without a strong government (Wikipedia). Humans are like animals; they cannot be controlled unless forcefully limited by one another. Central governments can restrict and prevent internal conflicts and wars. After analyzing for several years, I had concluded several natural laws, in which I divided into four sections in Leviathan. In the first section of the book, I have concluded three laws about man. The first law is that “that every man ought to endeavour peace, as far as he has hope of obtaining it; and when he cannot obtain it, that he may seek and use all helps and advantages of war. My second law of nature is “that a man be willing, when others are so too… to lay down this right to all things; and be contented with so much liberty against other men as he would allow other men against himself.” Finally, my third law states that injustice is just a failure to create an agreement.
                In my book, I emphasized the necessity of a government to prevent wars caused by the brutality of humans. In addition I took a materialistic view of Christianity, believing that Heaven and Hell were real locations on Earth. However, with new revolutionary beliefs comes critics who oppose and reject them, deeming them preposterous.
                Throughout my life, my views were often debated and opposed by other philosophers, theologians and mathematicians, including John Bramhall and John Wallis. The misguided theologian Bramhall attacked my beliefs on Christianity, attempting to defend the Anglican Church, while Wallis denounced my theories on mathematics and physics. I am positive that my beliefs and ideas are correct, and remain optimistic that someone will prove my reasoning true.

Sources